and heat equivalent to I.H.P. (Picture courtesy Wikimedia.org). Now a days in the railway diesel engine is used because its efficiency is more than the steam engine. The end results of that are- You might end up with a hybrid steam railmotor, like the GWR had, except maybe with a pantograph on the roof, so basically a less-efficient EMU. 15 to 20 percent. Functionally, it is a steam engine on wheels. Join The Discussion. 5 to 10 percent. In theory, you could use a water tube . Inefficient Size A steam locomotive is a locomotive that provides the force to move itself and other vehicles by means of the expansion of steam. Improving the performance and efficiency of steam locomotives was essentially a question of minimizing avoidable losses, called 'loss control' in modern parlance. Locomotive boiler is a part of the locomotive engine which produces the steam. Neither value compares favorably with the 28 percent estimated for diesel locomotives, the ratios being 1.82 for electric/steam, 1.4 for diesel/electric, and 2.55 for diesel steam traction. Related Questions on Electric Traction. Not very efficient. Coal, wood, and oil were everywhere. In the early days of steam locomotion, there was plenty of fuel to go around. The efficiency of the steam locomotive has been given as 11 percent and that of the electric locomotive as about 20 percent. H = Total heat of steam supplied in kcal/kg. Not very high. Therefore, although steam locomotives are generally more powerful compared to diesel alternatives, their strength is not used as efficiently when operating the vehicle. Not so much. The efficiency of steam engines is primarily related to the steam temperature and pressure and the number of stages or expansions. Overall efficiency of steam engine is the ratio of the work obtained at the crank shaft in a given time to the energy supplied by fuel during the same time. [10] The power difference is rendered insignificant because the final energy output is what ultimately matters. Steam (the working substance) is far from being a perfect gas. Both the cylinder and drawbar efficiencies vary with speed and power output, maximum cylinder efficiency being achieved at . At the previously assumed effieciencies of 10% steam/coal vs 25% diesel, we would get 35137 BTU's of work per dollar out of coal vs 15909 BTU's of work per dollar out of diesel, over 2:1 in favor of steam. That means it has about 100-105C at most. A. Overhead lines for power supply to tram cars are at a minimum height of. A . The secret to Andr Chapelon's success lays not so much in him trying wildly new ideas as it is in his use of science and a high level of technological attention to detail to optimize existing technology. They make huge amounts of heat that is simply wasted. Also, because the steam pressure is rather low, your machine has pretty low power. 1807: Fulton's steamboat operates between Albany and New York City. OTOH, The Coal that is used in a steam train is used as-is. It is impossible to compress the exhaust steam to its initial state, thus requiring re-heating in the boiler. a. No, unfortunately. 5 to 10 percent. Loses that reduce the efficiency of an engine to less than the idea case include: 1. The 240P was the most thermally efficient steam locomotive in the world at the time of its creation. Are steam locomotives efficient? 4. Thermal efficiency? Do electric trains have engines? D. 35 to 45 percent. 1804: Locomotive steam engine developed by Trevithick in England. The mechanical efficiency of a steam locomotive is quite good, but it's the thermal efficiency that kills you. Steam engines and turbines operate on the Rankine cycle which has a maximum Carnot efficiency of 63% for practical engines, with steam turbine power plants able to achieve efficiency in the mid 40% range. What is the efficiency of a steam engine? With late UK designs, e.g. While there are many systems that constitute a modern steam locomotive, the three components that effect efficiency, operating and maintenance costs the most are: Clean high efficiency combustion - Gas Producer Combustion System (GPCS) High efficiency exhaust - Kylpor, Lempor & Lemprex Let Ws = Weight of steam used in kg/min. Steam engines and turbines operate on the Rankine cycle which has a maximum Carnot efficiency of 63% for practical engines, with steam turbine power plants able to achieve efficiency in the mid 40% range. Brake Thermal Efficiency B. h = Sensible heat of feed water in kcal/kg. 15 to 20 percent. You can use the computer programme to establish when this would occur; it depends on the operating condition. : 80 It is fuelled by burning combustible material (usually coal, oil or, rarely, wood) to heat water in the locomotive's boiler to the point where it becomes gaseous and its volume increases 1,700 times. The overall efficiency of steam locomotive is around. Let, m f = Mass of fuel burnt in kg per hour, and C = Calorific value of fuel in kJ/kg of fuel. 1818: SS Savannah - Paddlewheel sailing vessel that used a steam engine to get in and out of port. 2. Answer: Option A . Why is steam engine low efficiency? The efficiency of a turbine can be affected by the following things: 1. In a power plant, a turbine has to sustain a lot of steam pressure, which is why it is bound to corrode. A modern AC traction diesel is almost 36 percent thermally efficient at the drawbar, by comparison. Drawbar thermal efficiency is defined as the the amount of energy delivered at the locomotive's drawbar (the hook at the back of its tender) divided by the amount of energy available in the fuel placed into its firebox. These were based on late 2010 prices. No refining or processing is needed in costly and complica. You also might have something like the DRG BR 61 001, which was a German tank locomotive designed for high-speed passenger service, and just imagine that with a pantograph . On the face of it. Firstly the diesel engine has an impressively high thermal efficiency - with modern diesel engines achieving 45% efficiency compared to a steam engines 10% giving them to achieve greater distances between refuelling stops. Indicated Thermal Efficiency It is the ratio of heat equivalent of indicated horsepower to the energy in the steam supplied per minute. This applied both in the thermal and mechanical sense. Answer & Explanation. So, Energy supplied by fuel/min, and work obtained at the crank shaft/min Answer (1 of 5): Depends on how one is measuring it. An efficient and powerful steam engine must work at serious overpressure (about 2 MPa ~= 20 atmospheres) so the temperatures in the boiler reach 200-300C. In terms of turning the energy in the coal into work at the wheels, they're under 10% efficient. Conversely, a diesel engine is 45% efficient - significantly more than its steam counterparts - and today's modern electric engines are a whopping 95% efficient, making them the most efficient locomotives in existence. It is dug out of the ground, loaded onto the train and burned as fuel. Corrosion: source: phys.org. D. 35 to 45 percent. Engine efficiency was low and the ship could not carry sufficient fuel to cross the entire Atlantic. Coal is burn in the furnace that produces the high amount of heat and converts the water into steam. B. Comment * Comments ( 1) Arijit Adak : 3 years ago . Author: dkpark. Locomotive boiler is a fire tube type boiler. Losses that Affect Engine Efficiency. Are steam locomotives more powerful than diesel? C. 25 to 35 percent. A. Remember that all the steam, combustion gases and smoke fuel going up the stack, which is what makes steam locomotives the dramatic machines they are, is energy going to waste. MOVE is a Chilean invention looking for business partnersWe are trying to rise funds to build an industrial scale prototype and develope the market.The expec. the streamlined A4, (80" drivers) it says that at constant steam rate in the normal working range, efficiency begins to plateau around 100mph and shows positive decreases about 120mph. but hold of the celebrations for a moment. The metal parts do not do well when they come in contact with humidity, mainly superheated steam. Diesel-electrics are better. C. 25 to 35 percent. 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